Few topics are as sensitive to talk about with children as weight and body image. How do we as parents contribute to positive body images in our children and teach healthy eating practices without making anyone feel guilty or bad? That can be a tall order. We know we need to start young and set the stage for healthy lifetime habits early. Before we even talk about the topic, however, we can model positive practices.

Children Learn Healthy Eating Habits from Modeling

If we have healthy eating habits, chances are our children will too. Or if we are selective eaters and avoid fruits and veggies, they will likely follow our lead. We can model by building family nutrition and fitness into our family's day on a regular basis. Can we share meals together—lunch or dinner—at least four days per week? Are there ways we can exercise together, for example, swimming, walking or bike rides to promote healthy exercise habits?

While modeling healthy eating habits, be careful about the messages you send to children about food and eating. Try to avoid the practice of requiring children to eat everything on their plate at meal time which may have been required of us as children. There are different opinions on this, but some health educators encourage children to try one bite of everything, never pushing or forcing. Others advocate for offering children a favorite food and a new food together so they will have at least one healthy food option that they like.

Steer clear of labeling different foods as "bad" or "unhealthy." If you label a food unhealthy, it is confusing to children when they then see a beloved caregiver or friend eating that food. You can say that healthy eating refers to the whole of what we eat, and not one individual food or foods which are "bad" for you. The Partnership for a Healthier America is embarking on a campaign to encourage everyone to eat more fruits and vegetables. Taking the approach of encouraging healthier snacks may be more productive than singling out "bad" foods.

KidsHealth.org offers "Go, Slow, and Whoa!" as another approach to healthy eating:

• "Go" foods are the healthiest options for kids and can be eaten almost anytime
• "Slow" foods are those you can eat sometimes but not every day
• "Whoa" foods should make you think, "Wait, should my child eat that?" These are the least nutritious and should only be eaten occasionally.

Healthy Eating Habits for Young Children

• Infants: With infants, we pay attention to their cues, and stop feeding them when they indicate they are finished by turning away or refusing the breast, bottle, or spoon. Be careful what food choices you make for your baby. Solids are not recommended to be served until at least 4 months of age or often later. And even infants can develop preferences for sweets over other foods, particularly if their first solid foods are desserts or fruits.
• Toddlers and Preschoolers: With toddler and preschool children, provide healthy snacks and beverages such as water. Eating slowly together as a family is a good practice. Never require children to eat when they are not hungry. And try not to use food as a reward or punishment. If you notice that your child is developing eating issues, they should be discussed with your pediatrician right away.

Talking to Preteens and Teens about Positive Body Image and Healthy Habits

From their earliest years, children are immersed in images and talk of the "ideal" body, typically slim, light skin tone and well-proportioned. And yet we all know genetics gives each of us a unique body type, few of which fall into the "ideal" category. And even those with "ideal" body types often feel pressure to maintain their "ideal" body.

With tweens and teens, subtle and not so subtle messages about weight and body type have an impact. These body images come from people, television, magazines, social media, etc. If your son or daughter opens up the subject, use it as an opportunity to communicate that very few people look like models; models also feel stress about their bodies; and being really skinny isn't a good thing.

If your child says "I’m too fat" rather than jumping to "No, you're not" right away, ask "What makes you think that?" to try to keep the conversation open and keep your child talking about this issue. It's important to know how to communicate with your teen. Spend time listening to him or her. Express your feelings about the topic, but rather than negating your child's feelings, try saying, "Here's what I think. . . " so it feels more like your personal thoughts than a judgment on your child. At the same time, if you ever suspect an eating disorder, talk right away to your pediatrician to find resources.

Talking about weight, body image and health can be sensitive, but it is also very worthwhile to keep the topic on the table and encourage children to talk about what they think and feel. Remember that feelings about this body image start early so be thoughtful about the impact of your words and actions in your child's life.

More on this Topic

• Find some children's books that teach kids self-esteem and positive body image.
• Watch our webinar to learn nutrition tips and strategies for growing a healthy eater or our webinar on family fitness.
• Our mom blogger shares her thoughts about swimsuits, body image, and self-confidence over 40.
• Describing her long-time battle with psoriasis, our mom blogger shares how she learned to build confidence and self-esteem.